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Aequitas Briefs

Law and jurisprudence, made clear.

Readings of Philippine law, decisions and public governance—with the official authorities close at hand.

36Briefs across 9 topicsSource checks: 21–22 October 2026

NEW COLLECTION · DILG ISSUANCES

Local governance,
in focus.

Public accountability, citizen participation, financial disclosure and barangay administration. Circular readings and official agency source notes, with their scope made clear.

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THE READING ROOM

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36 Briefs

01DILG Issuances

Official agency source note · 2026

Public projects should carry public information

DILG-NCR explains MC 2026-006 and the removal of officials’ personal identifiers from government-funded undertakings.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
02DILG Issuances

Official agency source note · 2025

CSO participation: accreditation and representation

An official DILG-NCR account introduces MC 2025-060 on CSO accreditation and selection for local special bodies.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
03DILG Issuances

Official agency source note · 2026

Barangay and SK turnover begins with reliable records

DILG’s April 2026 explanation of MC 2026-021 connects inventory and turnover with continuity of local services.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
04Local Government

Statute reading · 1991

Barangay conciliation: check coverage before filing

The Local Government Code defines the lupon’s authority, exceptions and personal-appearance rule.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
05Practice Updates

Court manual reading · 2025

ULAS: eligibility and the scope of legal aid

The 2025 ULAS Manual distinguishes qualified beneficiaries, covered lawyers and the services within the framework.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
06Practice Updates

Statute reading · 1949

A demand letter should identify the obligation

Civil Code Article 1169 links demand, delay and the exceptions that depend on law, terms and circumstances.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
07Labor

Statute reading · 2019

Workplace safeguards require a functioning complaint process

The Safe Spaces Act addresses technology-mediated conduct, peer harassment and employer responsibilities.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
08Labor

Statute reading · 2019

Maternity leave: distinguish leave from benefit administration

RA 11210 sets leave periods while using different benefit arrangements for public service and private employment.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
09Civil/Property

Statute reading · 2022

Civil-registry certificates: age alone is not expiry

RA 11909 gives specified certificates permanent validity while preserving readability, authenticity and update requirements.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
10Civil/Property

Statute reading · 1949

A right of way depends on more than convenience

Civil Code Articles 649–651 address inadequate access, indemnity, route and width for a compulsory easement.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
11Business/Commercial

Statute reading · 2000

Electronic contracts still need evidence of agreement

The Electronic Commerce Act recognizes electronic form while retaining reliability, authentication and other legal requirements.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
12Business/Commercial

Statute reading · 2019

Corporate records: access carries responsibilities

The Revised Corporation Code connects recordkeeping and inspection with legitimate purpose and confidentiality.

Source checked 22 October 2026Read Brief ↗
13DILG Issuances

Circular reading · 2024

Full disclosure: the document period is not the posting period

MC 2024-021 distinguishes the reporting period, posting schedule and disclosure channels for provinces, cities and municipalities.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
14DILG Issuances

Circular reading · 2022

Barangay financial reporting: preparation, submission and posting

MC 2022-027 assigns distinct roles in preparing the BFR, submitting it to the accountant and posting financial documents.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
15DILG Issuances

Circular reading · 2024

Road clearing: stay within the defined right-of-way

MC 2024-053 links BaRCO with defined coverage, monitoring, validation and supporting records.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
16DILG Issuances

Historical circular · 2025

Barangay assemblies: participation needs preparation

A historical reading of MC 2025-102 for the second semester of 2025, with attention to notice and public reporting.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
17DILG Issuances

Official agency source note · 2025

Open government: participation should reach local decisions

DILG’s official explanation of MC 2025-065 connects openness with policies, financial information and citizen participation.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
18New Laws

Foundational legislation · 2012

Personal information: purpose before collection

A purpose-led reading of the Data Privacy Act’s principles and lawful grounds for processing.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
19Supreme Court Decisions

Case reading · 2022

Seeking protection on a child’s behalf

Knutson distinguishes a father acting for a child from a husband seeking protection for himself.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
20Rules/Issuances

Professional responsibility · 2023

Professional responsibility: values in everyday practice

The CPRA’s canons place professional duty within everyday decisions about legal practice.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
21New Laws

Legislation · 2024

Procurement begins before the invitation to bid

RA 12009 places planning, market scoping and fit-for-purpose choices at the start of procurement.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
22New Laws

Legislation · 2024

Ease of Paying Taxes: simpler administration, continuing obligations

RA 11976 reforms tax administration without removing the need to determine the correct tax treatment.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
23Business/Commercial

Business law · 2019

A One Person Corporation still needs corporate discipline

Single ownership does not erase the need to separate corporate property, decisions and records.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
24Business/Commercial

Business law · 2023

Online transactions: identify the transaction before the remedy

The Internet Transactions Act distinguishes covered commercial transactions from excluded activity.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
25Labor

Labor law · 2018

Working remotely still calls for clear employment terms

Voluntary telecommuting remains subject to minimum labor standards and fair treatment.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
26Labor

Labor law · 2018

Workplace safety: information, protection and reporting

RA 11058 connects workplace hazards with information, protective measures and reporting rights.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
27Civil/Property

Property law · 2021

Long possession is only part of a land-title application

RA 11573 changes the confirmation framework while retaining specific evidentiary requirements.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
28Civil/Property

Family law · 2021

Child marriage: consent does not remove the statutory prohibition

RA 11596 addresses child marriage, prohibited conduct and the protection of children.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
29Supreme Court Decisions

Case reading · 2021

Tan-Andal: a legal concept, a demanding evidentiary inquiry

Psychological incapacity is not reduced to a medical diagnosis or ordinary marital difficulty.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
30Supreme Court Decisions

Case reading · 2018

Mandanas: why the tax base matters to LGUs

The ruling addressed the statutory restriction of the LGU share to national internal revenue taxes.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
31Supreme Court Decisions

Case reading · 2022

Pasig Rizal: revised title rules and pending applications

The Court explained how RA 11573 applies to pending judicial-confirmation proceedings.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
32Local Government

Government service · 2019

The Citizen’s Charter is a useful starting point

Requirements, processing steps and service standards should be read before a government transaction begins.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
33Local Government

Local Government Code · 1991

Local consultation: project scope and legal authority come first

Sections 26 and 27 connect specified public projects with consultation and local approval requirements.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
34Practice Updates

Court procedure · 2025 resolution

Supreme Court e-filing: the account carries responsibility

The transition rules distinguish covered filings, excluded cases and responsibility for platform accounts.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
35Practice Updates

Court procedure · 2024 interim rule

Electronic filing and service are separate procedural steps

Rule 13-A distinguishes initiatory pleadings, later papers and proof of electronic transmission.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗
36Rules/Issuances

Court rule · 2024

Family mediation has legal boundaries

The Rule on Family Mediation identifies exclusions, limited exceptions and confidentiality safeguards.

Source checked 21 October 2026Read Brief ↗

HOW TO READ THESE BRIEFS

These are dated source explainers, not a live news feed or an exhaustive statement of current law. “New Laws” includes legislation from earlier years; each Brief identifies its source date and verification basis. Later amendments, court directions and local implementation may affect a particular matter.

DILG coverage is independent educational commentary. Aequitas Briefs is not an official DILG publication and does not represent the Department’s views. No government endorsement is implied.

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